Dear Friends,
Please find here the translation of the words of the Parkhomov paper presented on January 29 in Moscow. I hope somebody will help me/us with combining the text with images
and show the paper in the initial form.
MY COMMENTS
a) It is not much new data here, however it is a confirmation of an essential confirmation
of the Lugano test- the reactors give excess heat over 1100 C.
b) Parkhomov has opened a new way in this research:-
- while the Lugano testers have measured the heat of the reactor directly and the reactor cannot be cooled, Parkhomov measures the heat indirectly introducing an intermadiary heat transfer surface. Simple and bright idea of engineering, it can be accomplished in many variants, just a problem of creativity and expertise. This includes the calorimetry method too
that has to be continuous for very long duration.
c) Parkhomov's reactors must be improved as regarding resistance- a wonderful opportunity to demonstrate collegiality.
Alexander Parkhomov can celebrate today his 70th birthday with a great satisfaction of a well done research job. Bravissimo, I think this is understandable in Russian too.
Peter
TRANSLATION
For the registration of neutrons we use a foil of Indium immersed in the water of the calorimeter. for measuring the activity of indium we use two Geiger counters. The impulses of the counters are recorded by a specialized computer. The same computer records the impulses of the recorder put above the reactor and those of the counter of electricity (consumed)
Here it can be seen in more detail the modification of the temperature with the magnitude of heating near to 300, 400 and 500 W. It can be observed that at unchanged values of heating, the temperature is increasing stepwise, especially strongly in the last part.
At the final part of the highest temperature it takes a place an oscillation of the temperature. This end with ceasing of the heating due to overheating (burning)
of the heater. After this during 8 minutes the temperature is maintained at the level of 1200 C and only after this starts to decrease sharply. This shows that in the reactor it is produced heat during this time at the kilowatt level without any electric heater.
Thus it can be seen already from the heating curve that the reactor is able to generate much heat above the electric heating.
Determination of the released heat.
Determination of the released heat and the COP based on the example of the experiment from 20.12.2014
At temperatures of 1150 and 1200-1300 the heat released from the reactor is is much greater than the electric energy consumed. During work in these regimes (90 minutes) it is generated about 3MJoules or 0.83kWatt hours energy. Such energy is released at burning 70g gas.
Please find here the translation of the words of the Parkhomov paper presented on January 29 in Moscow. I hope somebody will help me/us with combining the text with images
and show the paper in the initial form.
MY COMMENTS
a) It is not much new data here, however it is a confirmation of an essential confirmation
of the Lugano test- the reactors give excess heat over 1100 C.
b) Parkhomov has opened a new way in this research:-
- while the Lugano testers have measured the heat of the reactor directly and the reactor cannot be cooled, Parkhomov measures the heat indirectly introducing an intermadiary heat transfer surface. Simple and bright idea of engineering, it can be accomplished in many variants, just a problem of creativity and expertise. This includes the calorimetry method too
that has to be continuous for very long duration.
c) Parkhomov's reactors must be improved as regarding resistance- a wonderful opportunity to demonstrate collegiality.
Alexander Parkhomov can celebrate today his 70th birthday with a great satisfaction of a well done research job. Bravissimo, I think this is understandable in Russian too.
Peter
TRANSLATION
Study of the analog of high temperature generator of
Rossi. New results.
Alexander Georgevici Parkhomov.
On the basis of the report regarding the work of the high
temperature thermogenerator of Rossi in
Lugano it can be supposed that this
reactor is in fact a simple ceramic tube in which it is charged nickel powder
with added LiAlH4 10% of mass. For the initiation of the process the tube has
to be heated to temperatures of 1200-1400 C.
Based on this supposition it was made the device
discussed in this report.
The design of the reactors used
The reactors were made by Al2O3 ceramic tubes with outer
diameters of 10mm and inner diameters of 5 mm.
On the tube it is wound an electric resistance heater. Inside
the tube it is 1 gram nickel plus 10% LiAlH4. A thermocouple is in contact with
the outer surface of the tube. The ends of the tube are closed with heat
resistant cement. The same kind of cement covers the entire surface of the
reactor.
The photography of the reactor prepared for the
experiment.
Measuring the released heat
The method used by the experts for testing the reactor of
Rossi with thermal vision is a bit too complex. In our experiment we have used
the measurement of the quantity of evaporated water.
This method was elaborated and verified in many kinds of experiments.
The reactor is inside a closed metallic vessel. A part of
the water is removed in form of steam. Measuring the loss of water, using the
known value of evaporation heat (2260 joules/kg) it is easy to calculate the
heat.
The value of the heat loss through the thermal isolation
is calculated based on the cooling speed of the vessel after closing down the
reactor.
Image of calorimeter without cover.
The inner vessel with the reactor has a massive (heavy)
cover
It is immersed in water introduced in the outer vessel. The cylindrical thermo insulation has a cover made of foamed plastics-on this is put the Geiger counter.
The reactor during working time
The covers are taken down- see the thermo insulation and the vessel with the reactors.
It is immersed in water introduced in the outer vessel. The cylindrical thermo insulation has a cover made of foamed plastics-on this is put the Geiger counter.
The reactor during working time
The covers are taken down- see the thermo insulation and the vessel with the reactors.
The reactor in thermal insulation of corundum
powder
The reactor is closed in corundum powder poured
into a metal trough. This allows to reduce 2-3 times the power necessary to
heat up the reactor however the functioning in this regime is less stable than
in case of the “naked” reactor.
The components of the setup
Up from left to right: amplifier of the signal of thermocouple with a power regulator, computer recorder for temperatures and counter speed of the Geiger counter, a device measuring the rate of the Geiger counter.
From left to right below: ammeter, power supply reactor, voltmeter, electronic meters "Mercury", switch power supply.
Power consumption supply and control system.
During the first experiments the electric supply for heating the reactor was taken directly from the mains using thyristors
Later used changing transformer windings. Switching both manual and automatic with using the controller that controls the signals of the thermocouple.
This allows us to provide continuous operation of the reactor at the given temperatures thus improving the stability of functioning of the reactor.
For measuring the used electric energy we have used the electrocounter "Mercury 201" (?) that allows the transfer of the information to the computer, also from the voltmeter and ampermeter.
.
Control of the radiation level.
Up from left to right: amplifier of the signal of thermocouple with a power regulator, computer recorder for temperatures and counter speed of the Geiger counter, a device measuring the rate of the Geiger counter.
From left to right below: ammeter, power supply reactor, voltmeter, electronic meters "Mercury", switch power supply.
Power consumption supply and control system.
During the first experiments the electric supply for heating the reactor was taken directly from the mains using thyristors
Later used changing transformer windings. Switching both manual and automatic with using the controller that controls the signals of the thermocouple.
This allows us to provide continuous operation of the reactor at the given temperatures thus improving the stability of functioning of the reactor.
For measuring the used electric energy we have used the electrocounter "Mercury 201" (?) that allows the transfer of the information to the computer, also from the voltmeter and ampermeter.
.
Control of the radiation level.
Top- Geiger counter SI 85
Down- dosimeter DK-02
For the registration of neutrons we use a foil of Indium immersed in the water of the calorimeter. for measuring the activity of indium we use two Geiger counters. The impulses of the counters are recorded by a specialized computer. The same computer records the impulses of the recorder put above the reactor and those of the counter of electricity (consumed)
Modification of the temperature during the
process of heating.
Experiment from 20.12.2014
The 1000 C degree level was obtained after 5 hours of heating
On the same diagram is shown the counting speed of the Geiger SI-85; this counter reacts to the alpha. beta, gamma and Roentgen rays. It can be seen that during the entire process of heating the values cannot be distinguished from those of background.
The 1000 C degree level was obtained after 5 hours of heating
On the same diagram is shown the counting speed of the Geiger SI-85; this counter reacts to the alpha. beta, gamma and Roentgen rays. It can be seen that during the entire process of heating the values cannot be distinguished from those of background.
It was not observed any increase of the
radiation dose during the process on the dosimeter Dk-02 in the limits of the
measuring error. (5mR)
it was no observable activation of the indium foil)
Here it can be seen in more detail the modification of the temperature with the magnitude of heating near to 300, 400 and 500 W. It can be observed that at unchanged values of heating, the temperature is increasing stepwise, especially strongly in the last part.
At the final part of the highest temperature it takes a place an oscillation of the temperature. This end with ceasing of the heating due to overheating (burning)
of the heater. After this during 8 minutes the temperature is maintained at the level of 1200 C and only after this starts to decrease sharply. This shows that in the reactor it is produced heat during this time at the kilowatt level without any electric heater.
Thus it can be seen already from the heating curve that the reactor is able to generate much heat above the electric heating.
Determination of the released heat.
Determination of the released heat and the COP based on the example of the experiment from 20.12.2014
At temperatures of 1150 and 1200-1300 the heat released from the reactor is is much greater than the electric energy consumed. During work in these regimes (90 minutes) it is generated about 3MJoules or 0.83kWatt hours energy. Such energy is released at burning 70g gas.
ATTENTION This is new,
Modification of temperature during the heating
process. Experiment from 18.01.2015
At the start of the experiment
the reactor is in air on corundum supports. The maximum attainable temperature
with 450W is 900C. After this the reactor was covered with thermal insulation
of corundum powder. At a constant power of 160 W the temperature increased from
600 to 1000C. After this it has worked for 38 minutes at a temperature near to
1080 C. When we tried to increase the temperature the heater burned out.
Determination of the released heat and the COP
on the example of the experiment from 18.01.2015
The calculation was done for two regimes of work
at 800C (reactor in air) and near to 1080 C (reactor in corundum powder)
At 1080 C the heat released from
the reactor is significantly greater than the energy consumed.
Reactor with fuel
Reactor with electrical heating
In these two comparative tables there are shown the results obtained in the performed experiments. The reactors with fuel mixture of Ni +LiAlH4 are compared with reactors with no fuel. At temperatures under 1000C the ratio of consumed energy to released energy for both reactors without and with fuel is near to 1.
Significant excess heat for the reactors with fuel can be observed only near to 1100C or above.
Problem uncontrolled local heating effects
The main problem is the short working time of the reactors connected with destruction due to local overheating.
Local overheating leading to the destruction of the reactor.
Conclusions.
Reactor with electrical heating
In these two comparative tables there are shown the results obtained in the performed experiments. The reactors with fuel mixture of Ni +LiAlH4 are compared with reactors with no fuel. At temperatures under 1000C the ratio of consumed energy to released energy for both reactors without and with fuel is near to 1.
Significant excess heat for the reactors with fuel can be observed only near to 1100C or above.
Problem uncontrolled local heating effects
The main problem is the short working time of the reactors connected with destruction due to local overheating.
Local overheating leading to the destruction of the reactor.
Conclusions.
Experiments
with the analogs of Rossi's high temperature thermal generators , charged with
a mixture of nickel and lithium aluminum hydride, have shown that
by heating of temperatures of 1100 C or higher the produced energy is greater than the energy consumed.
The level of ionizing radiation during the functioning of the reactor is not observably greater than the background radiation. The density of the flux of neutrons is not higher than 0.2 neutrons/cm2 s
by heating of temperatures of 1100 C or higher the produced energy is greater than the energy consumed.
The level of ionizing radiation during the functioning of the reactor is not observably greater than the background radiation. The density of the flux of neutrons is not higher than 0.2 neutrons/cm2 s
