Saturday, November 28, 2015

28 NOV. 2015, LENR DISCUSSIONS, NEWS, EXPECTATIONS



MOTTO

Sometimes, the hardest thing is for one generation to look beyond itself, see a future that is wildly different — and accept the fact that the new paradigm may, indeed, be better than the old.
from the Problem Solving paper: "Learning New Ways to Learn"
http://lompocrecord.com/learning-new-ways-to-learn/article_756757cd-33b9-5980-bf4c-764a18f15ebc.html received this morning


DAILY NOTES

a) Bill Gates will probably create a multi-billion fund for Clean Energy

If this happens it is a good thing. As a means, money is a constructive problem solver- coupled with new, creative ideas it can possibly solve even the hyper-difficut problem of LENR. Solution is here a more-than-competitive LENR based energy source for the future generations (including some of the younger present generations)
I have asked Bil Gates to support LENR in the frame of supporting general technological progress 
http://egooutpeters.blogspot.ro/2014/02/open-letter-to-bill-gates.html

In meantime, something very positive has happened, Bill Gates had a direct encounter with the basic form of LENR in ENEA's Lab led by Vittorio Violante. What has happened at that meeting, has Gates become a LENR enthusiast or not yet, who knows? 
We could understand  bit more- when we will learn if LENR was or not explicitly
included in the basic starting document of the Fund. If yes, at which place, what priority? If not, exists there some implicit possibility to include it later, possibly afer some achievements in the field of LENR?
If ENEA-Violante had persuaded Bill Gates- then the support for LENR will materialize possibly with such a scenario: 10,000 researchers, 1000,000 PdD  cells, hundreds of the most modern scientific instruments, everything that is necessary for success, save an unprecedented miracle.
However, if Gates just donates the money and wants a Research Plan- this would be a task for the Global Network of LENR MetaManagement.

b) Friendly discussion with Ed Storms
Ed Storms writes:

Ed:
Only the large cracks can be seen. I have made surfaces in which the detectable cracks are about 50 micron apart. I do not have the tools to see the small cracks, which might be even closer.  The purpose of research is to determine this concentration. My purpose is to suggest where to look for the NAE. 

Peter
So we have to imagine the surface of Pd (or Pd with a lot of D absorbed in it) as having nano-cracks; than we have to imagine the same material as having 10, 10, 100 times more nano-cracks on the surface and NOT dezagregating? Based on you personal experience, you can do it. For me it is not easy, I have imagined other active loci and a dynamic mechanism of generating, using, losing and re-generating them.
But, let's the most realist idea win!

Ed:
The cracks are not just on the surface. The active gap extends into the material. The area of the region where the critical gap exists is the important variable. Unfortunately, the depth of the crack is not visible.

 Peter
That is absolutely correct, the surface is not only the (exterior) surface.

c) Not-so-friendly discussion with Ed Storms (one issue)
Ed has given a somewhat surprising answer to my question why PdD leader teams

of ENEA and SKINR are not convinced by the nano-crack & hydroton explanation-
and this is many times more significant than my doubts- I am not active in research for now and not influential.

Ed:
A crack exist on a scale that would be seen as a point-like region of activity. In addition, people see only what they are looking for. A nano-crack is not visible unless it is looked for with a tool having the required resolution.  I'm trying to get people to take a look.

Peter
The underlined words mean: "unable to make a discovery"- not good for a researcher. Violante for example is a morphologist- he must look a lot and knows wel how to look..

However I dislike this part of the answer:
Ed:
The high power produced by cathode 64 is not unique although rare. Other people have reported similar amounts of power. According to my explanation, application of the superwave stressed the surface and created a high concentration of nano-cracks. 

Peter
I dare to think that in a field fighting for survival, recognition, development the extraordinary positive events have to be considered with maximum seriousness.
First- how many documented, published, citable heat release events of high intensity we know? There are events as the Pd  cube of Fleischmann and Pons the 100 gr unquenchable Pd cathode of Mizuno and one runaway event at Piantelli - WHT ELSE?
Your explanation has the flaw that cathode 64 was one in a long series of tests made with the same waving waves technique- the result was determined by the cathode per se, not by the stimuli. It is fair to say- it cannot be explained on a causal basis- I think you have read the very proffessional  SKINR reports about this case.
I will apologize for this if you can organize/perform an experiment with such a good result as cathode 64.

DAILY NEWS


1) E-Cat X Makes Gas-Powered E-Cat ‘Obsolete’:

2) Bill Gates Expected to Create Billion-Dollar Fund for Clean Energy:
http://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/28/us/politics/bill-gates-expected-to-create-billion-dollar-fund-for-clean-energy.html?_r=0
http://www.engadget.com/2015/11/27/bill-gates-clean-tech-initiative/ 

3)The Green Energy Technology to Save the World

Mats Lewan - Positive Anecdotes and Negative Replications

Reviewed texts of three papers presented at the AIRBUS- ISCMNS Workshop:

5) Can Craters and Hot Spots be Explained by Erzions or Exotic Particles ? 

Jacques Ruer  Email: jsr.ruer@orange.fr 

Abstract 

Hot spots are small features, which are supposed to be created by a sudden local release of thermal energy. For example, the estimation of the energy involved in the formation of a 2 µm crater is 3.10-8 J or 2.105 MeV. Some theories attempting to explain these phenomena, and excess heat in general, involve the role of Exotic Neutral Particles (ENP), like Polyneutrons or Erzions. According to such theories, these ENPs are relatively rare. The problem investigated in this paper is whether a single particle may trigger a series of many reactions within a short time in solids, like palladium deuteride. The energy released by a single reaction differs with the type of nucleus that reacts. If we consider, for simplification purpose, that the average value is 4MeV, the energy to create a crater mentioned in the above corresponds to 2.105 MeV, meaning a series of 50000 cumulated reactions. A Monte-Carlo simulation has been written to study the potential behavior of ENPs. It is shown that the ENPs follow a Brownian type movement. The number of reactions occurring at a given depth below the surface is calculated, as well as the probability for a series to exceed a given value. From a pure mathematical viewpoint, a parallel can be made between the diffusion laws and the Brownian movement. It is then possible to define a diffusion coefficient of ENPs in the solid. Most of the series are limited to a small number of reactions. However, a few ones reach the life number limit, whatever its value. The average length of the series increases if the first reaction occurs at some depth below the surface. These general trends are in agreement with the experimental observations. Most of the energy is dissipated within a shallow depth below the surface of the solid. Only a small fraction of the excess heat is developed in hot spots or craters. The results of the simulation are discussed in the light of known experimental data. This makes it possible to propose a mean free path range the ENP must satisfy if the theory wants to explain the features observed on samples, like craters or hot spots.

6) Calorimetric investigation of anomalous heat production in Ni-H systems 

K.P. Budko1 and A.I. Korshunov2 
1Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia, email: kpb@lcard.ru 2 Institute for Problems in Mechanics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia, 
email:  fallex@inbox.ru 

It has been stated that Ni-H systems could produce excess heat during rather long periods of time. We have performed experimental calorimetric investigation of this phenomenon. The experimental setup consisted of ceramic reactor with nickel powder inside it, heater, hydrogen loading system and calorimeter. Nickel powders with different grain size were used because of their large surface area. Hydrogen pressure varied from 0.5 to 2.5 atm. Temperature varied from 25 to 800 oC. Different methods of input power supply were used in order to investigate possible effects of high amplitude magnetic pulses. The experimental runs lasted from 4 to 50 hours. Experiments didn’t show any evidence of excess heat within the accuracy of measurement. 

7) Quantum Electronic Atomic Rearrangement by H2 Recombination Energy Release and Solid State Material Low Energy Nuclear Reaction 

 by Stephane NEUVILLE TCE consultant, F-77165 Cuisy +33 (0)6 4147 1922 
Email: stephane.neuville709@orange.fr 

 During exothermic physical and chemical recombination, it has to be considered that electronic activation occurs before heat will be released. Quantum electronic activation is achieved when electrons are excited up to higher electronic energy bands. Those can then often induce specific atomic rearrangement in competition to usual thermodynamic thermal atomic rearrangement ruled by Arrhenius law. This has been evidenced with carbon material showing higher diamond-like properties when exposed to different type of activation. Quantum electronic activation criteria involving steric conditions and optoelectronic band gap of the final state have been worked out. An effect which could be demonstrated in more details after revision of some fundamentals of hard carbon Raman characterizing we review. Among important effects, the H2 and N2 chemical recombination energy release (CRER) when not counterbalanced by heat degradation phenomena transforming the material towards its graphite thermodynamic ground state. Several unexpected demonstrative examples we also review are confirming the effect and which is also concerning some other types of material. Considering that atomic rearrangement can modify the electronic environment of interstitial H2, some influence on some corresponding solid state LENR will be expected. Revisiting some nuclear quantum physics fundamentals, the Lawson fusion criterion could be reformulated in terms of wave-packet superposition and impact energy. Considering further on the Mossbauer Effect, we suggest that the modified geometric distribution of electronic orbitals will consequently also modify the distribution of the nucleus wall potential in favor of some easier tunneling and higher LENR efficiency. This effect is expected to be combined and cumulated with other type of fusion by inertial confinement involving impact of energetic H+ ions on dense carbon material, leading to some convenient new design of carbon/ hydrogen LENR fusion plasma reactor, which is expected to have high COP

8) The fourth paper from this Workshop was sent by Jean-Luc Pailet: one the authors:

https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B1_tFmz65k8BU1BpRUlYd3RFSW9zV1hHS2dDSFl5QVZwY3RB/view?usp=sharing

Arguments for the Anomalous Solutions of the Dirac Equations 

Jean-Luc Paillet1 , Andrew Meulenberg2 
1 Aix-Marseille University, France, jean-luc.paillet@club-internet.fr 
2 Science for Humanity Trust, Inc., USA, mules333@gmail.com 

In this paper, we look into the difficult question of electron deep levels in the hydrogen atom. An introduction shows some general considerations on these orbits as “anomalous” (and usually rejected) solutions of relativistic quantum equations. The first part of our study is devoted to a discussion of the arguments against the deep orbits and for them, as exemplified in published solutions. We examine each of the principal negative arguments found in the literature and show how it is possible to resolve the questions raised. In fact, most of the problems are related to the singularity of the Coulomb potential when considering the nucleus as a point charge, and so they can be easily resolved when considering a more realistic potential with finite value inside the nucleus. In a second part, we consider specific works on deep orbits as solutions of the relativistic Schrödinger and of the Dirac equations, named Dirac Deep Levels (DDLs). The latter presents the most complete solution and development for spin ½ particles, and includes an infinite family of DDL solutions. We examine particularities of these DDL solutions and more generally of the anomalous solutions. Next we analyze the methods for, and the properties of, the solutions that include a corrected potential inside the nucleus, and we examine the questions raised by this new element. Finally we indicate, in the conclusion, open questions such as the physical meaning of the relation between quantum numbers determining the deep levels and the fact that the angular momentum seems two orders-of-magnitude lower than the values associated with the Planck constant. As a prerequisite to a deep comprehension of the resolution methods, we recall in the appendices some essential elements of the Dirac theory




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